使用encodeURIComponent()和decodeURIComponent()函数：

// 编码var encodedUrl = encodeURIComponent("https://www.example.com?name=张三&age=20");console.log(encodedUrl); // https%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.com%3Fname%3D%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89%26age%3D20// 解码var decodedUrl = decodeURIComponent(encodedUrl);console.log(decodedUrl); // https://www.example.com?name=张三&age=20

使用encodeURI()和decodeURI()函数：

// 编码var encodedUrl = encodeURI("https://www.example.com?name=张三&age=20");console.log(encodedUrl); // https://www.example.com?name=%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89&age=20// 解码var decodedUrl = decodeURI(encodedUrl);console.log(decodedUrl); // https://www.example.com?name=张三&age=20

使用escape()和unescape()函数（不推荐使用，已被废弃）：

// 编码var encodedUrl = escape("https://www.example.com?name=张三&age=20");console.log(encodedUrl); // https%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.com%3Fname%3D%E5%BC%A0%E4%B8%89%26age%3D20// 解码var decodedUrl = unescape(encodedUrl);console.log(decodedUrl); // https://www.example.com?name=张三&age=20