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要熟练掌握Kotlin类的初始化,你需要了解以下几个概念和技巧:类和对象:在Kotlin中,类是用于定义对象的蓝图。对象是类的实例。要创建一个类的实例,需要使用val或var关键字声明一个
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要熟练掌握Kotlin类的初始化,你需要了解以下几个概念和技巧:
val
或var
关键字声明一个变量,然后将类的构造函数调用赋值给该变量。class MyClass {init {println("MyClass initialized")}}val myInstance = MyClass() // 输出 "MyClass initialized"
class MyClass(val name: String) {// ...}val myInstance = MyClass("John")
constructor
关键字定义,并调用主构造函数。class MyClass {constructor(name: String, age: Int) : this(name) {println("MyClass initialized with age $age")}}val myInstance1 = MyClass("John") // 输出 "MyClass initialized"val myInstance2 = MyClass("John", 30) // 输出 "MyClass initialized with age 30"
class MyClass {init {println("MyClass initialized")}constructor(name: String) : this() {println("MyClass constructor called with name $name")}}val myInstance1 = MyClass("John") // 输出 "MyClass initialized" 和 "MyClass constructor called with name John"
constructor
关键字委托它们。这可以避免代码重复。class MyClass {constructor(name: String) : this(name, 0) {println("MyClass constructor called with name $name")}constructor(name: String, age: Int) : this() {println("MyClass constructor called with name $name and age $age")}}val myInstance1 = MyClass("John") // 输出 "MyClass constructor called with name John" 和 "MyClass constructor called with name John and age 0"
通过熟练掌握这些概念和技巧,你将能够熟练地初始化Kotlin类。
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