Kafka 提供了两种方式来手动提交偏移量：

使用 commitSync() 方法同步提交偏移量：

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.*;Properties props = new Properties();props.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");props.put("group.id", "test-group");props.put("enable.auto.commit", "false"); // 关闭自动提交KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);consumer.subscribe(Arrays.asList("test-topic"));try {while (true) {ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(Duration.ofMillis(100));for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record : records) {// 处理消息}consumer.commitSync(); // 手动提交偏移量}} finally {consumer.close();}

使用 commitAsync() 方法异步提交偏移量：

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.*;Properties props = new Properties();props.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");props.put("group.id", "test-group");props.put("enable.auto.commit", "false"); // 关闭自动提交KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);consumer.subscribe(Arrays.asList("test-topic"));try {while (true) {ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(Duration.ofMillis(100));for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record : records) {// 处理消息}consumer.commitAsync(); // 异步提交偏移量}} finally {consumer.close();}

在这两种方式中，commitSync() 方法会一直阻塞直到偏移量提交成功或发生错误。而 commitAsync() 方法则会在提交请求发送后立即返回，不会等待确认。如果发生错误，可以在 commitAsync() 方法的回调函数中处理。