1. 在master 上删除一条记录，而slave 上找不到。
2：第二种：主键重复。在slave已经有该记录，又在master上插入了同一条记录
3：在master上更新一条记录，而slave上找不到，丢失了数据。
4：slave的中继日志relay-bin损坏。
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: **********
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: ****
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1140
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 882
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 1062
Last_Error: Worker 3 failed executing transaction '6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:20' at master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109; Could not execute Write_rows event on table rentcar.hjl; Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY', Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event's master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 835
Relay_Log_Space: 1559
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 1062
Last_SQL_Error: Worker 3 failed executing transaction '6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:20' at master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109; Could not execute Write_rows event on table rentcar.hjl; Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY', Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event's master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 21
Master_UUID: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 160410 20:37:35
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:18-20
Executed_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-19,
dae6c1bc-fa6a-11e5-ae74-1418773c2aed:1
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


ERROR:
No query specified


mysql> stop
-> slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> select * from hjl;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | hjl |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> delete table hjl where id = 1;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'table hjl where id = 1' at line 1
mysql> delete from hjl where id = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)


mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.10.70
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: 5370
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1140
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 448
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1140
Relay_Log_Space: 1682
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 21
Master_UUID: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:18-20
Executed_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-20,
dae6c1bc-fa6a-11e5-ae74-1418773c2aed:1-2
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

继日志损坏（这种情况SLAVE在宕机，或者非法关机，例如电源故障、主板烧了等，造成中继日志损坏，同步停掉）
以下是对上述四种情况做的示例：
（1）在master 上删除一条记录，而slave 上找不到
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 530
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 361
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 1051
Last_Error: Worker 3 failed executing transaction '' at master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 361; Error 'Unknown table 'rentcar.hjl'' on query. Default database: 'rentcar'. Query: 'DROP TABLE `hjl` /* generated by server */'
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 191
Relay_Log_Space: 1072
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 1051
Last_SQL_Error: Worker 3 failed executing transaction '' at master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 361; Error 'Unknown table 'rentcar.hjl'' on query. Default database: 'rentcar'. Query: 'DROP TABLE `hjl` /* generated by server */'
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 21
Master_UUID: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 160410 20:30:13
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:17-18
Executed_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-16
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

会出现以上的情况，
解决方法：
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> reset master;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


mysql> set global gtid_purged='6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-17';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
跳过错误地方

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)


mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.10.70
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: 5370
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 530
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 577
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 530
Relay_Log_Space: 949
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 21
Master_UUID: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:18
Executed_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-18
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


ERROR:
No query specified

（2）主键重复
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: **********
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: ****
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1140
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 882
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 1062
Last_Error: Worker 3 failed executing transaction '6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:20' at master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109; Could not execute Write_rows event on table rentcar.hjl; Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY', Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event's master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 835
Relay_Log_Space: 1559
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 1062
Last_SQL_Error: Worker 3 failed executing transaction '6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:20' at master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109; Could not execute Write_rows event on table rentcar.hjl; Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY', Error_code: 1062; handler error HA_ERR_FOUND_DUPP_KEY; the event's master log mysql-bin.000006, end_log_pos 1109
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 21
Master_UUID: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 160410 20:37:35
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:18-20
Executed_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-19,
dae6c1bc-fa6a-11e5-ae74-1418773c2aed:1
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


ERROR:
No query specified


mysql> stop
-> slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> select * from hjl;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 1 | hjl |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from hjl where id = 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)


mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 10.0.10.70
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: 5370
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1140
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos: 448
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1140
Relay_Log_Space: 1682
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 21
Master_UUID: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:18-20
Executed_Gtid_Set: 6ee9b003-f1a7-11e1-9ffa-141877405c37:1-20,
dae6c1bc-fa6a-11e5-ae74-1418773c2aed:1-2
Auto_Position: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3 在master 上更新一条数据。在slave 上面无法更新。
Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Update_rows event on table hcy.t1;
Can't find record in 't1',
Error_code: 1032;
handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
the event's master log mysql-bin.000010, end_log_pos 794
解决方法：
在master上，用mysqlbinlog 分析下出错的binlog日志在干什么。
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --no-defaults -v -v --base64-output=DECODE-ROWS mysql-bin.000010 | grep -A '10' 794
#120302 12:08:36 server id 22 end_log_pos 794 Update_rows: table id 33 flags: STMT_END_F
### UPDATE hcy.t1
### WHERE
###@1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###@2='bbc' /* STRING(4) meta=65028 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
### SET
###@1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=0 is_null=0 */
###@2='BTV' /* STRING(4) meta=65028 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 794
#120302 12:08:36 server id 22 end_log_pos 821 Xid = 60
COMMIT/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
在slave上，查找下更新后的那条记录，应该是不存在的。

mysql> select * from t1 where id=2;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
然后再到master查看

mysql> select * from t1 where id=2;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
| 2 | BTV |
+----+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
把丢失的数据在slave上填补，然后跳过报错即可。


4：slave的中继日志relay-bin损坏。
解决方法：找到同步的GTID 复制事务ID，然后重新做同步，这样就可以有新的中继日值了。