搭建了一下mysql master slave的环境
在此做一下简单记录
mysql数据库版本:5.7-18

master与slave均采用了如下方式初始化mysql数据库

mkdir -p /data/mysql
useradd mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql*

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize-insecure

Master的my.cnf配置：

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

#default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]

#default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql

server_id=151

open_files_limit = 3072

back_log = 103

max_connections = 512

max_connect_errors = 100000

table_open_cache = 512

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

join_buffer_size = 2M

thread_cache_size = 51

query_cache_size = 32M

tmp_table_size = 96M

max_heap_table_size = 96M

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/slow.log

log-error = /data/mysql/error.log

long_query_time = 0.05

log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin

sync_binlog = 1

binlog_cache_size = 4M

max_binlog_cache_size = 128M

max_binlog_size = 1024M

expire_logs_days = 7

key_buffer_size = 32M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

character-set-server=utf8

default-storage-engine=InnoDB

binlog_format=row

#gtid_mode=on

#log_slave_updates=1

#enforce_gtid_consistency=1

interactive_timeout=100

wait_timeout=100

transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1434M

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 256M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

Slave的配置文件：/etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

#default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]

#default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql

server_id=152

#master slave replicat

#master-host=192.168.43.151

#master-user=repl

#master-password=repl

relay-log=/data/mysql/mysql-replay-bin

master-info-file = /data/mysql/mysql-master.info

relay-log-info-file = /data/mysql/mysql-relay-log.info

open_files_limit = 3072

back_log = 103

max_connections = 512

max_connect_errors = 100000

table_open_cache = 512

external-locking = FALSE

max_allowed_packet = 128M

sort_buffer_size = 2M

join_buffer_size = 2M

thread_cache_size = 51

query_cache_size = 32M

tmp_table_size = 96M

max_heap_table_size = 96M

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/slow.log

log-error = /data/mysql/error.log

long_query_time = 0.05

log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin

sync_binlog = 1

binlog_cache_size = 4M

max_binlog_cache_size = 128M

max_binlog_size = 1024M

expire_logs_days = 7

key_buffer_size = 32M

read_buffer_size = 1M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

character-set-server=utf8

default-storage-engine=InnoDB

binlog_format=row

#gtid_mode=on

#log_slave_updates=1

#enforce_gtid_consistency=1

interactive_timeout=100

wait_timeout=100

transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1434M

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M

innodb_log_file_size = 256M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 2

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

注意：master-host这个参数5.7已经不支持。
参考：
https://blog.csdn.net/edwzhang/article/details/8819629


初始话完成之后，在master通过mysqldump导出mysql数据库
会话1：
[root@mysql01 ~]# mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.18-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)


Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.


Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.05 sec)


mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File| Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000017 | 581 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


这个Master Status很重要，在其后的slave配置中需要依赖它


mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases --master-data > /root/dbdump.db

导出之后，释放锁

mysql> unlock tables;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 5
Current database: *** NONE ***

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

slave端导入， 导入之后重启mysql服务
mysql -u root -p < /root/dbdump.db

在slave端启用复制：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='192.168.43.151',
-> MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='repl',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000017',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=581;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.30 sec)

mysql>
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

在master端进行测试:

mysql> create database test2;
ERROR 2006 (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 7
Current database: *** NONE ***

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.28 sec)

mysql>
mysql> show slave staus
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'staus' at line 1
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000017 | 743 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> use test02
No connection. Trying to reconnect...
Connection id: 8
Current database: *** NONE ***

ERROR 1049 (42000): Unknown database 'test02'
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test2 |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test2
Database changed
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> create table mytest01(pid int, nme varchar(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.34 sec)

mysql>
mysql> insert into mytest01 values(1, 'AAAA');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql>

如果配置正确，应当可以在slave端看到数据