一般分为以下几种

yum
rpm包
常规编译安装
cmake安装
二进制包免安装

如何选择

个人使用yum或rpm包安装

企业使用多用常规编译和cmake及二进制包免安装

数量少的话
5.1.x版本选择使用常规编译安装
5.5.x版本选择使用cmake方式编译安装

数量多的话
直接使用二进制包免安装

首先查看系统环境

[root@localhost~]#cat/etc/redhat-releaseCentOSrelease6.5(Final)[root@localhost~]#uname-r2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64[root@localhost~]#uname-mx86_64

在安装cmake软件，需要安装gcc和gcc-c++

yum -y install gccyum -y install gcc-c++

编译安装完cmake后，需要安装依赖包

yum install ncurses-devel -y

记住先要安装用户和组
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql

依赖包安装完后，cd进入mysql的目录进行cmake操作

cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32\-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/data\-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql-5.5.32/tmp/mysql.sock\-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8\-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci\-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii\-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON\-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1\-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled\-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1\-DWITH_READLINE=1\-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1\-DWITH_DEBUG=0\-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\貌似因为64位主机编译不过去！！！-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1\-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all"执行成功返回下面代码

Build files have been written to: /root/lamp/mysql-5.5.32

make&&install安装完成

[100%] Built target my_safe_process #此处make完成
....
....
....
-- Installing: /application/mysql-5.5.32/support-files/solaris/postinstall-solaris #此处make install 完成

建立link

ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ application/mysql

建立my.cnf

[root@localhost /]# cp /application/mysql-5.5.32/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y

配置环境变量

echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
tail -l /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
echo $PATH

给mysql用户和mysql用户组授权

chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/data/chmod -R 1777 /tmp/

初始化db脚本，假如有两个ok，就证明成功

[root@localhost /]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/
[root@localhost scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

修改hosts文件

vim /etc/hosts

加入www

加入mysqld脚本

cp /root/lamp/mysql-5.5.32/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

加入mysqld脚本执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

执行mysqld运行

[root@localhost scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...[确定]
[root@localhost scripts]# netstat -lntup | grep 3306
tcp0 0 0.0.0.0:33060.0.0.0:*LISTEN 2671/mysqld

进入mysql服务器，如果之前配置了环境变量了，就可以执行mysql命令

mysql

删除空用户

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
userhost+------+-----------------------+
root127.0.0.1root::1
localhostrootlocalhost
localhost.localdomainrootlocalhost.localdomain

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user ='';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.09 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
userhost+------+-----------------------+
root127.0.0.1root::1rootlocalhostrootlocalhost.localdomain

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

授权system管理员

mysql> grant all privileges on . to system@'localhost' identified by 'longjq' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

修改mysql密码

/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'

加入启动管理

[root@localhost scripts]# chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld 0:关闭1:关闭2:启用3:启用4:启用5:启用6:关闭`

故障排除

登录不了mysql？删除文件，重新初始化

#mysqlaccessdeniedforuser'localhost'......#pkillmysqld#lsof-i:3306#rm-fr/application/mysql/data/*#/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--basedir=/application/mysql/--datadir=/application/mysql/data/--user=mysql

字符集错误？

[root@localhostscripts]#cat/etc/sysconfig/i18n#LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"#这里改成zh_CN.UTF-8LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"