因为网络隔离，无法使用yum方式安装mysql，这里介绍linux服务器上手动离线安装mysql的方法。

目的

离线安装mysql服务
服务器：centos7.2，配置本地yum源
mysql版本：mysql5.7.18

步骤

1.下载安装包mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz，安装包传输到目的服务器/tmp目录
2.my.cnf文件（见文末）传输到目的服务器的/tmp目录
3.创建用户和相应文件夹：

#preparegroupaddmysqluseradd-r-gmysql-s/bin/falsemysqlyuminstall-yautoconfmkdir/appsmkdir/logsmkdir/datamkdir-p/data/mysql7006/data&&chown-Rmysql:mysql/data/mysql7006mkdir/logs/mysql7006&&chown-Rmysql:mysql/logs/mysql7006touch/logs/mysql7006/error-log.err&&chown-Rmysql:mysql/logs/mysql7006/error-log.err

4.安装

cd/tmptarzxvfmysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gzmvmysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64mysqlmvmysql/apps/mysqlcpmy.cnf/apps/mysql/chown-Rmysql:mysql/apps/mysql/#初始化数据库，cd/apps/mysql./bin/mysqld--initialize--user=mysql--basedir=/apps/mysql/--datadir=/data/mysql7006/data/

初始化过程中会生成一个默认密码记得记下来，后续修改用。

5.注册service（可以不做）

#依据情况修改support-files/mysql.servercpsupport-files/mysql.server/etc/init.d/mysqlsystemctlstartmysql.service#添加开机启动chkconfigmysql.serveron

6.启动数据库/apps/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/apps/mysql/my.cnf &

7.修改默认密码：

/apps/mysql/bin/mysqladmin-urootpassword'password'--port=7006--socket=/data/mysql7006/mysql.sock-p#修改后清空linux的history记录history-c#登陆测试：/apps/mysql/bin/mysql-uroot--port=7006--socket=/data/mysql7006/mysql.sock-p

8.防火墙、赋权（按需做）

#防火墙firewall-cmd--zone=public--add-port=7006/tcp--permanentsystemctlrestartfirewalldfirewall-cmd--zone=public--query-port=7006/tcp#赋权给登陆用户usemysql;grantallprivilegeson*.*touser@'ip'identifiedby"password";flushprivileges;selecthost,user,passwordfromuser;

9.本地隐藏密码登录（可以不做）

##使用mysql_config_editor制作登录文件/apps/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editorset--login-path=root_pass--user=root--port=7006--socket=/data/mysql7006/mysql.sock--password##输入密码：******##文件会加密存储于用户根目录下.mylogin.cnf/apps/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editorprint--all##下次登录时直接敲：/apps/mysql/bin/mysql--login-path=root_pass#再省事一些：setalias#打开file.bashrc，添加aliasdb7006='/apps/mysql/bin/mysql--login-path=root_pass'#然后退出执行：source.bashrc##下次登录时直接敲：db7006

附录

my.cnf文件

主要功能：全局utf8字符集、自定义端口、数据文件夹、日志文件夹、默认引擎innodb（支持事务，对xtrabackup友好）、跳过客户端登陆时的dns解析

[client]port=7006default-character-set=utf8[mysqld]skip-name-resolvesecure_file_priv="/"character-set-server=utf8user=mysqlserver_id=20180917port=7006socket=/data/mysql7006/mysql.sockpid-file=/data/mysql7006/mysql.pidbasedir=/apps/mysqldatadir=/data/mysql7006/datalog-error=/logs/mysql7006/error-loglog-bin=/logs/mysql7006/bin-logmax_allowed_packet=64Mdefault_storage_engine=InnoDBinnodb_strict_mode=1innodb_buffer_pool_size=5Ginnodb_stats_on_metadata=0innodb_file_format=Barracudainnodb_flush_method=O_DIRECTinnodb_log_files_in_group=2innodb_log_file_size=4Ginnodb_log_buffer_size=128Minnodb_file_per_table=1innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=60innodb_io_capacity=4000lower_case_table_names=1#ADDINNODBinnodb_buffer_pool_instances=16innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1innodb_adaptive_flushing=1innodb_thread_concurrency=0innodb_stats_persistent=1innodb_purge_threads=4innodb_use_native_aio=1##innodb_use_sys_malloc=1innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2innodb_change_buffering=insertsinnodb_read_io_threads=16innodb_write_io_threads=16expire_logs_days=30#CACHESANDLIMITS#key_buffer_size=32Mtmp_table_size=256Mmax_heap_table_size=256Mtable_open_cache=4096query_cache_type=0query_cache_size=0max_connections=2000thread_cache_size=1024open_files_limit=65535#ADDOTHERSmetadata_locks_hash_instances=256table_open_cache_instances=16back_log=1500wait_timeout=3600interactive_timeout=3600master_info_repository=TABLErelay_log_info_repository=TABLElog_slave_updates=ONbinlog_checksum=NONEbinlog_format=ROWtransaction_isolation=READ-COMMITTEDsql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'