简介

mysql-utilities工具集是一个集中了多种工具的合集，可以理解为是DBA的工具箱，本文介绍利用其中的mysqlreplicate工具来快速搭建MySQL主从环境。

HE1:192.168.1.248 slave

HE3:192.168.1.250 master

实战

Part1:安装mysql-utilities

[root@HE1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-utilities-1.5.4.tar.gz[root@HE1 ~]# cd mysql-utilities-1.5.4[root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py build[root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py install

Part2:基本使用方式

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --helpMySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.5.4 License type: GPLv2Usage: mysqlreplicate --master=root@localhost:3306 --slave=root@localhost:3310 --rpl-user=rpl:passwd mysqlreplicate - establish replication with a masterOptions: --versionshow program's version number and exit --helpdisplay a help message and exit --licensedisplay program's license and exit --master=MASTERconnection information for master server in the form:<user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or<login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-path>[<[group]>]. --slave=SLAVE connection information for slave server in the form:<user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or<login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-path>[<[group]>]. --rpl-user=RPL_USER the user and password for the replication userrequirement, in the form: <user>[:<password>] or<login-path>. E.g. rpl:passwd -p, --pedanticfail if storage engines differ among master and slave. --test-db=TEST_DBdatabase name to use in testing replication setup(optional) --master-log-file=MASTER_LOG_FILEuse this master log file to initiate the slave. --master-log-pos=MASTER_LOG_POSuse this position in the master log file to initiatethe slave. -b, --start-from-beginningstart replication from the first event recorded in thebinary logging of the master. Not valid with --master-log-file or --master-log-pos. --ssl-ca=SSL_CAThe path to a file that contains a list of trusted SSLCAs. --ssl-cert=SSL_CERT The name of the SSL certificate file to use forestablishing a secure connection. --ssl-key=SSL_KEYThe name of the SSL key file to use for establishing asecure connection. --ssl=SSLSpecifies if the server connection requires use ofSSL. If an encrypted connection cannot be established,the connection attempt fails. By default 0 (SSL notrequired). -v, --verbose control how much information is displayed. e.g., -v =verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug -q, --quiet turn off all messages for quiet execution.

Part3:主库准备

主库创建复制用户

[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 23329Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)mysql> flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

Part4:一键配置

从库进行配置主从执行如下命令[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 --rpl-user=mysync:MANAGER -bWARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.# Checking for binary logging on master...# Setting up replication...# ...done.

检查

Part1:mysqlrplcheck检查

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlrplcheck --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 -sWARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.Test DescriptionStatus---------------------------------------------------------------------------Checking for binary logging on master[pass]Are there binlog exceptions? [pass]Replication user exists?[pass]Checking server_id values [pass]Checking server_uuid values [pass]Is slave connected to master?[pass]Check master information file[pass]Checking InnoDB compatibility[pass]Checking storage engines compatibility[pass]Checking lower_case_table_names settings[pass]Checking slave delay (seconds behind master) [pass]## Slave status: #Slave_IO_State : Waiting for master to send event Master_Host : 192.168.1.250 Master_User : mysync Master_Port : 3306 Connect_Retry : 60Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos : 384741Relay_Log_File : HE1-relay-bin.000004 Relay_Log_Pos : 384954 Relay_Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003Slave_IO_Running : YesSlave_SQL_Running : YesReplicate_Do_DB :Replicate_Ignore_DB :Replicate_Do_Table : Replicate_Ignore_Table : Replicate_Wild_Do_Table :Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table :Last_Errno : 0 Last_Error :Skip_Counter : 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos : 384741Relay_Log_Space : 1743112Until_Condition : NoneUntil_Log_File :Until_Log_Pos : 0 Master_SSL_Allowed : No Master_SSL_CA_File :Master_SSL_CA_Path : Master_SSL_Cert : Master_SSL_Cipher : Master_SSL_Key :Seconds_Behind_Master : 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert : No Last_IO_Errno : 0 Last_IO_Error : Last_SQL_Errno : 0Last_SQL_Error :Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids : Master_Server_Id : 1250 Master_UUID : 1b1daad8-b501-11e6-aa21-000c29c6361dMaster_Info_File : /data/mysql/master.infoSQL_Delay : 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay : NoneSlave_SQL_Running_State : Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count : 86400 Master_Bind : Last_IO_Error_Timestamp : Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp : Master_SSL_Crl :Master_SSL_Crlpath :Retrieved_Gtid_Set : Executed_Gtid_Set :Auto_Position : 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB :Channel_Name :Master_TLS_Version : # ...done.

其他常用工具

Part1:mysqldiskusage检查数据库空间大小

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqldiskusage --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhostWARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.# Source on localhost: ... connected.# Database totals:+---------------------+--------------+| db_name|total |+---------------------+--------------+| maxscale_schema| 14,906|| mysql| 14,250,013 || performance_schema | 818,071|| sys | 500,802|| wms | 925,929,868 |+---------------------+--------------+Total database disk usage = 941,513,660 bytes or 897.90 MB#...done.

Part2:mysqlindexcheck检查冗余索引

[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlindexcheck --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost wmsWARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.# Source on localhost: ... connected.# The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.auth_user:#CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `index_user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`) USING BTREE#may be redundant or duplicate of:CREATE INDEX `user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`, `state`) USING BTREE# The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.basic_storeage_sapce:#CREATE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE#may be redundant or duplicate of:CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no_un` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE

——总结——

可以看到利用mysql-utilities工具集中的mysqlreplicate来配置MySQL主从非常简单，mysqlreplicate也提供了各类参数，本文中的-b是指使复制从主二进制日志中的第一个事件开始。mysqlrplcheck 中的-s是指输出show slave status\G的内容。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

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