Xtrabackup是由percona提供的mysql数据库备份工具，据官方介绍，这也是世界上唯一一个开源的能够对innodb和xtradb数据库进行物理热备的工具。


Xtrabackup中主要有包含两个工具：
　　1.innobackupex：是将xtrabackup进行封装的perl脚本，提供了备份myisam表的能力，
　　2.xtrabackup：是用于热备innodb，xtradb表中数据的工具，不能备份其他类型的表，也不能备份数据表结构；


环境：
[root@rhel72 soft]# lsb_release -a
LSB Version::core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarch:cxx-4.1-amd64:cxx-4.1-noarch:desktop-4.1-amd64:desktop-4.1-noarch:languages-4.1-amd64:languages-4.1-noarch:printing-4.1-amd64:printing-4.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description:Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.2 (Maipo)
Release:7.2
Codename:Maipo
[root@rhel72 soft]# uname -a
Linux rhel72 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Oct 29 17:29:29 EDT 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@rhel72 soft]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.15.102 rhel72


介质：
Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.10-r3198bce-el6-x86_64-bundle.tar


Server version: 5.6.38-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial)




开始安装
[root@rhel72 soft]# rpm -ivh *rpm
warning: percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.10-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cd2efd2a: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libev.so.4()(64bit) is needed by percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.10-1.el6.x86_64
rsync is needed by percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.10-1.el6.x86_64
[root@rhel72 soft]# yum whatprovides '*/libev.so.4'
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
No matches found
未在镜像中找到该包，网上下载
https://altlinux.pkgs.org/sisyphus/classic-x86_64/libev4-4.24-alt1.x86_64.rpm.html
[root@rhel72 soft]# rpm -ivh libev4-4.24-alt1.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:libev4-4.24-alt1 ################################# [100%]




[root@rhel72 soft]# yum whatprovides '*/rsync'
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
rsync-3.0.9-17.el7.x86_64 : A program for synchronizing files over a network
Repo: server
Matched from:
Filename: /usr/bin/rsync




[root@rhel72 soft]# yum -y install rsync-3.0.9-17.el7.x86_64
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.0.9-17.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution


Dependencies Resolved


====================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
rsyncx86_643.0.9-17.el7server359 k


Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package


Total download size: 359 k
Installed size: 732 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : rsync-3.0.9-17.el7.x86_641/1
Verifying : rsync-3.0.9-17.el7.x86_641/1


Installed:
rsync.x86_64 0:3.0.9-17.el7


Complete!


--重新安装软件包
[root@rhel72 soft]# rpm -ivh *rpm
warning: percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.10-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cd2efd2a: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.10-1.el################################# [ 33%]
2:percona-xtrabackup-test-24-2.4.10################################# [ 67%]
3:percona-xtrabackup-24-debuginfo-2################################# [100%]
--查看帮助


[root@rhel72 soft]# xtrabackup -help|more
xtrabackup version 2.4.10 based on MySQL server 5.7.19 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 3198bce)
Open source backup tool for InnoDB and XtraDB


Copyright (C) 2009-2017 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates.
Portions Copyright (C) 2000, 2011, MySQL AB & Innobase Oy. All Rights Reserved.


This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation version 2
of the License.


This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.


You can download full text of the license on http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.txt


Usage: [xtrabackup [--defaults-file=#] --backup | xtrabackup [--defaults-file=#] --prepare] [OPTIONS]
....




[root@rhel72 gaoyc]# innobackupex --help
Open source backup tool for InnoDB and XtraDB


Copyright (C) 2009-2015 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates.
Portions Copyright (C) 2000, 2011, MySQL AB & Innobase Oy. All Rights Reserved.


This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation version 2
of the License.


This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.


You can download full text of the license on http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.txt




innobackupex - Non-blocking backup tool for InnoDB, XtraDB and HailDB databases


NOTICE: 'innobackupex' is deprecated, please switch to 'xtrabackup'


SYNOPOSIS


innobackupex [--compress] [--compress-threads=NUMBER-OF-THREADS] [--compress-chunk-size=CHUNK-SIZE]
[--encrypt=ENCRYPTION-ALGORITHM] [--encrypt-threads=NUMBER-OF-THREADS] [--encrypt-chunk-size=CHUNK-SIZE]
[--encrypt-key=LITERAL-ENCRYPTION-KEY] | [--encryption-key-file=MY.KEY]
[--include=REGEXP] [--user=NAME]
[--password=WORD] [--port=PORT] [--socket=SOCKET]
[--no-timestamp] [--ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY]
[--slave-info] [--galera-info] [--stream=tar|xbstream]
[--defaults-file=MY.CNF] [--defaults-group=GROUP-NAME]
[--databases=LIST] [--no-lock]
[--tmpdir=DIRECTORY] [--tables-file=FILE]
[--history=NAME]
[--incremental] [--incremental-basedir]
[--incremental-dir] [--incremental-force-scan] [--incremental-lsn]
[--incremental-history-name=NAME] [--incremental-history-uuid=UUID]
[--close-files] [--compact]
BACKUP-ROOT-DIR
innobackupex --apply-log [--use-memory=B]
[--defaults-file=MY.CNF]
[--export] [--redo-only] [--ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY]
BACKUP-DIR


innobackupex --copy-back [--defaults-file=MY.CNF] [--defaults-group=GROUP-NAME] BACKUP-DIR


innobackupex --move-back [--defaults-file=MY.CNF] [--defaults-group=GROUP-NAME] BACKUP-DIR


innobackupex [--decompress] [--decrypt=ENCRYPTION-ALGORITHM]
[--encrypt-key=LITERAL-ENCRYPTION-KEY] | [--encryption-key-file=MY.KEY]
[--parallel=NUMBER-OF-FORKS] BACKUP-DIR


.....