利用rpm完整包安装MySQL(MySQL-server-5.6.30 for rhel6.7_64bit)
一、检查操作系统上是否安装了MySQL
[root@mydb1 backup]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
qt-mysql-4.6.2-26.el6_4.x86_64
mysql-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-devel-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

二、删除MyQL(RedHat6.7服务器自带的mysql-libs是mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64，可能会和高版本的mysql-libs有冲突)

[root@mydb1 backup]#rpm -qa |grep mysql*

[root@mydb1 backup]#yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64

三、RPM安装MySQL(用root用户安装,不需要提前建mysql组和mysql用户，安装mysql-server过程中会自动创建)

MySQL-6.30 Yum Repository

rhel6

http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el6-8.noarch.rpm

rhel7

http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

MySQL Yum源官方说明：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-yum-repo-quick-guide/en

# Enable to use MySQL5.7

[mysql57-community]

name=MySQL 5.7Community Server

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL5.6

[mysql56-community]

name=MySQL 5.6Community Server

baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

下载rpm完整包安装MySQL

[root@mydb1 backup]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.30-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@mydb1 backup]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.30-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@mydb1 backup]# rpm -pql MySQL-server-5.6.23-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | more
[root@mydb1 backup]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.30-1.el6.i686.rpm
[root@mydb1 backup]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.30-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
or
[root@mydb1 backup]#yum -y install MySQL-server* MySQL-client*

四、创建安装目录
[root@mydb1 backup]#mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/{data,log,iblog,binlog,tmp}

五、配置my.cnf
[root@wmserpmysql1 ~]# cp -v /usr/my.cnf /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/my.cnf
[root@wmserpmysql1 ~]# vim /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
socket=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port=3306
promprt=\\u@\\d \\r:\\m:\\s>

[mysqld]
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
#dir
basedir=/usr
datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/data
tmpdir=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/tmp
innodb_log_group_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/iblog
innodb_data_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/iblog
slave_load_tmpdir=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/tmp
log-error=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log
slow_query_log_file=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/log/slow.log
relay_log_info_file=/u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/binlog/relay-log.info
master-info-file=/u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/binlog/master.info
socket=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock
log-bin=/u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/binlog/binlog
relay-log=/u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/binlog/relaylog
innodb_force_recovery=0

六、执行MySQL安装脚本
[root@wmserpmysql1 ~]# sh init3306.sh
rm -rf /u01/app/mysql/mysql3306/data/*
rm -rf /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/iblog/*
rm -rf /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/binlog/*
chmod -R 777 /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql/3306/data/*
chmod -R 777 /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/iblog/*
chmod -R 777 /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql3306/binlog/*
chmod 755 /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/my.cnf
mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/ --datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data/mysql3306/data

七、查是否有MySQL服务，如没有添加mysql到服务开机启动
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
查看开机启动设置是否成功
[root@mydb1 ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off

八、启动MySQL
[root@mydb1 ~]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!

九、查看MySQL运行状态的方法
[root@mydb1 ~]# service mysql status
SUCCESS! MySQL running (4104)

十、查MySQL初始密码
[root@mydb1 ~]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Mon Mar 30 15:04:58 2015 (local time): B15xIBTq3xAoGRVx

十一、登录MySQL
[root@mydb1 ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.6.23
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

十二、修改密码
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('guoyJoe123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database|
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test|
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

使用root用户进行远程访问：
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql' WITH GRANT OPTION;

十三、my.cnf参考：
MySQL系统参数配置
先不启动MySQL，拷贝数据目录到新的位置/mysqldata，并修改权限
[root@wmserpmysql1 /]#cd /var/lib/mysql/
[root@wmserpmysql1 /]#cp -r * /mysqldata/
[root@wmserpmysql1 /]# chown mysql:mysql -R /mysqldata

删除原来默认的参数文件
[root@wmserpmysql1 mysql]# rm /usr/my.cnf
rm: remove regular file `/usr/my.cnf'? y

重新拷贝新的参数文件，然后修改
[root@wmserpmysql1 mysql]# pwd
/usr/share/mysql
[root@wmserpmysql1 mysql]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@wmserpmysql1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
修改参数文件/etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
datadir=/mysqldata
skip-name-resolve
character-set-server=utf8
lower_case_table_names=1
expire-logs-days=60
back_log = 500
max_connections = 5000
max_connect_errors =100000
table_open_cache = 2048
max_allowed_packet = 16M
binlog_cache_size = 1M
max_heap_table_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
join_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 8
thread_concurrency =16
query_cache_size = 64M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 4
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
slow_query_log_file=/mysqldata/localhost-slow.log
slow_query_log
long_query_time=1
relay-log=/mysqldata/relay-bin
server-id = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10G
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 6
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 65535
log-error=/mysqldata/wmserpmysql1.800best.com.err
pid-file=/mysqldata/wmserpmysql1.800best.com.pid

十四、查看及设置连接状态
MySQL的最大连接数默认是100
客户端登录：
mysql -uusername -ppassword

设置新的最大连接数为200：
mysql> set GLOBAL max_connections=200
显示当前运行的Query：
mysql> show processlist

显示当前状态：
mysql> show status;
退出客户端：
mysql> exit

查看当前最大连接数：
mysqladmin -uusername -ppassword variables |find "max_con"
如：
C:\mysql\bin>mysqladmin -uroot -p variables | find "max_con"
Enter password:
| max_connections | 100
| max_connect_errors | 100

十五、查询MySQL数据表的存储引擎类型
提问: 想要知道MySQL数据库是MyISAM还是Innodb类型。该如何检查MySQL数据库表的类型？
MySQl使用的存储引擎主要有两种：MyISAM和Innodb。MyISAM是非事务的，因此拥有读取更快，然而InnoDB完全支持细颗粒度的事务锁定（比如：commit/rollback）。当创建一张新的MySQL表时，选择它的类型（也就是存储引擎）。如果没有选择，就会使用与预设置的默认引擎。如果想要知道已经存在的MySQL数据表的类型，以下几种方法可以达到。
方法一
访问phpMyAdmin，从phpMyAdmin找出默认的数据库类型。从phpMyAdmin中选中数据库来查看它的表列表。在“Type”一列的下面，将会看到每个表的数据表类型。
方法二
可以直接登录MySQL服务器，另外一种鉴别存储引擎的方法是登录MySQL服务器后运行下面的MySQL命令：
mysql> SELECT ENGINE FROM information_schema.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA ='my_database' AND TABLE_NAME ='my_table';
上面的命令会显示在'mydatabase'数据库中'mytable'表的引擎类型。
方法三
还有一种检查引擎的方法是使用mysqlshow,是一种命令行下的显示数据库信息的工具。mysqlshow在MySQL 客户端安装包中有。要使用mysqlshow，需要提供MySQL服务器登录凭据。
下面的命令会显示特定的数据库信息。在“Engine”一列下面，可以看到每个表使用的引擎。
$ mysqlshow -u-p -i