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    【MySQL】mysqldump备份失败与解决方案合集[ mysql数据库 ]

    mysql数据库 时间:2024-12-03 12:13:33

    作者:文/会员上传

    简介:

    〇 mysqldump: Error: Query execution was interrupted, maximum statement execution time exceeded when trying to dump tablespaces
    〇 mysqldump: Error 3024: Query

    以下为本文的正文内容,内容仅供参考!本站为公益性网站,复制本文以及下载DOC文档全部免费。

    〇 mysqldump: Error: Query execution was interrupted, maximum statement execution time exceeded when trying to dump tablespaces
    〇 mysqldump: Error 3024: Query execution was interrupted, maximum statement execution time exceeded when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: xxxx

    版本:
    MySQL 5.7.8+
    原因:
    max_execution_time过小
    处理思路:
    ① 通过hints,增大N值(文档说,在hints用法中,将N改为0为无限制,但我测下来不生效,可设置成一个较大值如999999解决)
    SELECT /*+ MAX_EXECUTION_TIME(N) */ * FROM t1 LIMIT 100000;
    ② 修改max_execution_time值,将该值设置为较大一个值,或设置为0(不限制)
    附录:
    该参数5.7.8被添加,单位为ms,动态参数,默认为0,设置为0时意味着SELECT超时不被设置(不限制超时时间)。不作用于存储过程中的SELECT语句,并且只作用于只读的SELECT,如INSERT ... SELECT ... 是不被作用的。
    for more information:
    http://blog.itpub.net/29773961/viewspace-2150443/


    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute SHOW FIELDS FROM `$view_name`: View $db_name.$view_name references invalid table(s) or column(s) or function(s) or definer/invoker of view lack rights to use them (1356)

    原因:
    该view引用了无效的表,列,函数或者定义者。
    处理思路:
    可以根据报错信息,进入db,执行SHOW CREATE VIEW $view_name\G,查看该view的定义,逐一检查该view的基表,列,或相关函数与用户是否具有相关权限。考虑重建或删除视图。


    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$view_name`: Illegal mix of collations for operation UNION (1271)

    原因:
    创建view时,使用UNION时存在非法的排序规则组合。
    处理思路:
    检查该视图定义,检查字符集,考虑重建或删除视图。


    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute SHOW FIELDS FROM `$view_name`: The user specified as a definer ($user@$host) does not exist (1449)
    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show table status like $view_name: SELECT command denied to user @% for column $col_name in table $tb_name (1143)

    原因:
    该视图的定义者$user@$host不存在。
    处理思路:
    检查mysql.user表,确认用户是否存在,考虑重建或删除视图。


    〇 Error: Couldnt read status information for table Income_config ()mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `Tser_table`: Table $db_name.test_table doesnt exist (1146)
    〇 mysqldump: Got error: 1049: Unknown database $db_name when selecting the database

    原因一:
    从lower_case_table_names的0设置成1,导致部分原来含有大写字母的库表“找不到”。
    处理思路:
    将lower_case_table_names设置回0。
    若有必须将lower_case_table_names设置为1,需先设置为0,并将含有大写字母的库表改成小写,再设置为1。

    原因二(MySQL 5.5及以下版本可能出现):
    表损坏导致该表找不到(InnoDB)。frm和ibd文件都在,但无法SHOW CREATE TABLE xxx\G
    error log一则:
      170820 17:43:17 [Note] Event Scheduler: scheduler thread started with id 1
      170820 17:44:48InnoDB: error: space object of table '$db_name/$tb_name',
      InnoDB: space id 4335 did not exist in memory. Retrying an open.
      170820 17:44:48InnoDB: Error: tablespace id and flags in file './$db_name/$tb_name.ibd' are 0 and 0, but in the InnoDB
      InnoDB: data dictionary they are 4335 and 0.
      InnoDB: Have you moved InnoDB .ibd files around without using the
      InnoDB: commands DISCARD TABLESPACE and IMPORT TABLESPACE?
      InnoDB: Please refer to
      InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/innodb-troubleshooting-datadict.html
      InnoDB: for how to resolve the issue.
      170820 17:44:48InnoDB: cannot calculate statistics for table $db_name/$tb_name
      InnoDB: because the .ibd file is missing. For help, please refer to
      InnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/innodb-troubleshooting.html
      170820 17:44:48 [ERROR] MySQL is trying to open a table handle but the .ibd file for
      table $db_name/$tb_name does not exist.
      Have you deleted the .ibd file from the database directory under
      the MySQL datadir, or have you used DISCARD TABLESPACE?
      See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/innodb-troubleshooting.html
      how you can resolve the problem.
    处理思路:
    从完整备份+binlog还原,对于有主或从的实例,可通过物理备份还原。


    〇 mysqldump: Error 2020: Got packet bigger than max_allowed_packet bytes when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: xxxx

    原因:
    默认的max_allowed_packet过小
    处理思路:
    在mysqldump时增加max_allowed_packet的大小,如mysqldump --max-allowed-packet=268435456


    〇 mysqldump: Error 1412: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: 0

    原因:
    在备份该表时,表定义被修改。FLUSH TABLE WITH READ LOCK只保证数据一致性,并不保证schema不被修改。
    处理思路:
    备份时期不做DDL操作。
    复现一:
      ① session1> CREATE TABLE a (id int) ENGINE=InnoDB;
      ② session2> START TRANSACTION WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT;
      ③ session1> ALTER TABLE a ADD COLUMN name varchar(32);
      ④ session2> SELECT * FROM a;
      ERROR 1412 (HY000): Table definition has changed, please retry transaction
    p.s. 如果③和④调换顺序,则ALTER TABLE无法成功,则会等待MDL。
    复现二:
      ① session1> START TRANSACTION WITH CONSISTENT SNAPSHOT;
      ② session2> CREATE TABLE b (id int) ENGINE=InnoDB;
      ③ session1> SELECT * FROM b;
      ERROR 1412 (HY000): Table definition has changed, please retry transaction


    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$tb_name`: Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesnt exist (1168)

    原因:
    出现在表引擎为MERGE时,备份到该表时,发现该表定义存在问题。可能merge的表不存在,或者该表合并的基表包含非MyISAM引擎的表。
    处理思路:
    删除或者重建该MERGE表。
    复现一(merge表中定义包含了非MyISAM表):
      CREATE TABLE t1(id int) ENGINE=InnoDB;
      CREATE TABLE t2(id int) ENGINE=MyISAM;
      CREATE TABLE merge_t(id int)ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(t1, t2);
      SELECT * FROM merge_t;
      ERROR 1168 (HY000): Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn't exist
    复现二(表不存在):
      CREATE TABLE t1(id int) ENGINE=MyISAM;
      CREATE TABLE t2(id int) ENGINE=MyISAM;
      CREATE TABLE merge_t(id int)ENGINE=MERGE UNION=(t1, t2);
      SELECT * FROM merge_t;
      Empty set (0.00 sec)-- 正常返回
      DROP TABLE t1;
      SELECT * FROM merge_t;
      ERROR 1168 (HY000): Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn't exist
    附录:
    通过check table merge_t可以检查是哪张表有问题,如此处是t1:
      [15:20:12] root@localhost [test]> check table merge_t\G
      *************************** 1. row ***************************
      Table: test.merge_t
      Op: check
      Msg_type: Error
      Msg_text: Table 'test.t1' is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn't exist
      *************************** 2. row ***************************
      Table: test.merge_t
      Op: check
      Msg_type: Error
      Msg_text: Unable to open underlying table which is differently defined or of non-MyISAM type or doesn't exist
      *************************** 3. row ***************************
      Table: test.merge_t
      Op: check
      Msg_type: error
      Msg_text: Corrupt
      3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    通过cat表MGR定义结构文件可以检查MERGE表的基表:
      [root@host test]# pwd
      /data/mysql-data/mysql57/data/test
      [root@host test]# cat merge_t.MRG
      t1
      t2


    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$tb_name`: Table ./$db_name/$tb_name is marked as crashed and last (automatic?) repair failed (144)
    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show create table `$tb_name`: Table ./$db_name/$tb_name is marked as crashed and should be repaired (145)
    〇 mysqldump: Error 1194: Table throne_tower is marked as crashed and should be repaired when dumping table `$tb_name` at row: xxxxx

    原因:
    mysqldump在拉取表定义时报错,表损坏。
    处理思路:
    该损坏发生在非事务表如MyISAM,通过mysqlcheck或者repair table修复即可。

    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute SHOW FUNCTION STATUS WHERE Db = $db_name: Cannot load from mysql.$tb_name. The table is probably corrupted (1728)

    原因:
    字典表不正确,可能是表本身损坏,也有可能是导入了其他版本的mysql schema盖掉了字典表。
    处理思路:
    repair table修复,若仍无用,则可以尝试mysql_upgrade来修复,或找到对应版本的mysql_system_tables_fix.sql来导入。

    〇 mysqldump: Couldnt execute show events: Cannot proceed because system tables used by Event Scheduler were found damaged at server start (1577)

    原因:
    字典表不正确,极大可能是导入了其他版本的mysql schema盖掉了字典表。
    处理思路:
    尝试mysql_upgrade来修复,或找到对应版本的mysql_system_tables_fix.sql来导入。该报错可能在upgrade操作之后重启实例。


    〇 mysqldump: Error: Got error 28 from storage engine when trying to dump tablespaces
    mysqldump: Couldnt execute show fields from `$tb_name`: Got error 28 from storage engine (1030)

    原因:
    @@tmpdir满了。
    处理思路:
    清除@@tmpdir,可以通过SELECT @@tmpdir;检查具体目录。


    〇 mysqldump: Lost connection to MySQL server during query (2013)
    ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '@@socket' (111)

    原因:
    mysqldump执行过程中mysqld被关闭。
    处理思路:
    检查mysqld被关闭的原因,一般常见原因是发生OOM。


    〇 mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'SHOW SLAVE STATUS': Access denied; you need (at least one of) the SUPER, REPLICATION CLIENT privilege(s) for this operation (1227)

    原因:
    mysqldump加了--dump-slave参数,缺少SUPER或REPLICATION CLIENT来执行SHOW SLAVE STATUS。
    处理思路:
    检查mysqldump的用户权限。


    〇 mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD': Access denied for user 'dump'@'localhost' (using password: YES) (1045)

    原因:
    mysqldump加了--dump-slave参数,缺少SUPER权限使用STOP SLAVE SQL_THREAD。
    处理思路:
    检查mysqldump的用户权限。




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